{"id":110,"date":"2024-05-07T13:16:41","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T17:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/?page_id=110"},"modified":"2026-06-17T15:18:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T19:18:57","slug":"theory-principles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/theory-principles\/","title":{"rendered":"Theory &amp; Principles"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1140px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:90px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.00;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-top-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:100px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:100px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_2337d0-60 alignfull has-theme-palette1-background-color kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-top-sep kt-row-sep-type-threelevels\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path style=\"opacity: 0.33\" d=\"M0 95L1000 0v100H0v-5z\"><\/path><path style=\"opacity: 0.66\" d=\"M0 95l1000-67.944V100H0v-5z\"><\/path><path d=\"M0 95l1000-40.887V100H0v-5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-layout-bottom-sep kt-row-sep-type-threelevels\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path style=\"opacity: 0.33\" d=\"M0 95L1000 0v100H0v-5z\"><\/path><path style=\"opacity: 0.66\" d=\"M0 95l1000-67.944V100H0v-5z\"><\/path><path d=\"M0 95l1000-40.887V100H0v-5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:0px;padding-right:170px;padding-left:170px;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-image:url('https:\/\/wordpress-486734-1630132.cloudwaysapps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dots-2.png');background-size:auto;background-position:75% 100%;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:no-repeat;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb{position:relative;}.kadence-column110_c70276-eb, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column110_c70276-eb:not(.specificity){margin-top:125px;margin-bottom:25px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_c70276-eb > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_c70276-eb inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e\"]{margin-top:20px;text-align:center;font-size:50px;line-height:50px;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h1 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-9-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68c2ac-3e\"><strong>Theory &amp; Principles<\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_4ad484-2d\">Theory &amp; Principles&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This section provides an in-depth look at the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework, developed by CAST. The three principles of UDL, along with their guidelines and checkpoints, are explored providing a comprehensive understanding of the theory and principles behind the framework &#8211; and as aligned with the concept of fostering the development of expert learners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-theme-palette-6-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To listen to a podcast-style audio overview of the section, please listen below (captioning available and transcript downloadable under the player):<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"justify-content: center\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"kaltura_player_1752772883\" src=\"https:\/\/api.cap2.ovp.kaltura.com\/p\/141\/sp\/14100\/embedIframeJs\/uiconf_id\/23449601\/partner_id\/141?iframeembed=true&amp;playerId=kaltura_player_1752772883&amp;entry_id=0_3h8fuys4\" width=\"528\" height=\"528\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_c98668-a4\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_c98668-a4\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_c98668-a4\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 id=\"Principles-of-the-UDL-Framework-\" class=\"kt-adv-heading110_c98668-a4 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_c98668-a4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Principles-of-the-UDL-Framework-\">Principles of the UDL Framework&nbsp;<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"549\" height=\"113\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/image-3.png 549w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/image-3-300x62.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/udlguidelines.cast.org\/binaries\/content\/assets\/udlguidelines\/udlg-v2-2\/udlg_graphicorganizer_v2-2_blank.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">CAST \u2013 UDL Guidelines Graphic Organizer v2.2<\/a>&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework was formally developed by CAST (Center for Applied Special Technology) in 1984 as a way to translate insights from neuroscience and the wider learning sciences to extending the goals of universal design to the learning environment. Over the years, while the framework has been periodically updated to incorporate emerging findings and insights from the broader learning sciences, the three (3) guiding principles when designing or developing learning experiences have remained consistent. They are:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-title-list li{margin-top:0px;margin-right:8px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-title-list li:last-child{margin-right:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-title-list li .kt-tab-title, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title{line-height:1.4em;font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:4px;border-left-width:0px;border-top-left-radius:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;padding-top:8px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:20px;border-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);color:var(--global-palette5, #444444);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title{margin-top:0px;margin-right:8px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-title-list li .kt-tab-title:hover, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title:hover{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);color:var(--global-palette5, #444444);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-title-list li.kt-tab-title-active .kt-tab-title, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title.kt-tab-title-active .kt-tab-title{border-color:var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);color:#0a6689;background:rgba(119,197,213,0.34);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tabs alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-tabs-wrap kt-tabs-id110_7a426f-df kt-tabs-has-3-tabs kt-active-tab-1 kt-tabs-layout-tabs kt-tabs-tablet-layout-inherit kt-tabs-mobile-layout-inherit kt-tab-alignment-center \"><ul class=\"kt-tabs-title-list\"><li id=\"principle1\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-1 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-active\"><a href=\"#principle1\" data-tab=\"1\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-1 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Principle 1<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"prinicple2\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-2 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-inactive\"><a href=\"#prinicple2\" data-tab=\"2\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-2 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Principle 2<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"principle3\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-3 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-inactive\"><a href=\"#principle3\" data-tab=\"3\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-3 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Principle 3<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"kt-tabs-content-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-1 kt-inner-tab974c3f-47\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3d2750-18\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3d2750-18\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3d2750-18\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_3d2750-18 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3d2750-18\"><strong><strong>Principle 1: Provide Multiple Means of Engagement&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the previous section, we discussed how functional limitations not only operate invisibly but also overlap and intersect to present more complex barriers to learning. This principle seeks to recognize the complexities that can exist in the learning process and encourages us to seek ways to motivate and engage students better. CAST (2024) identifies the \u201caffective networks\u201d of the brain (including the corpus callosum and hippocampus) as being related to the \u201cWHY\u201d of learning.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"352\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/ef0292e5-92c8-4bfa-a563-9d0eeb5ba5af-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/ef0292e5-92c8-4bfa-a563-9d0eeb5ba5af-1.png 480w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/ef0292e5-92c8-4bfa-a563-9d0eeb5ba5af-1-300x220.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">CAST, Inc. (2024)&#8221;Engagement.&#8221; Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cast.org\/impact\/universal-design-for-learning-udl&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In providing multiple means of engagement, CAST (2024) has further broken down this principle into providing options for:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_c4c432-92 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_95b02d-56{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_95b02d-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_95b02d-56\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_c8706d-2b\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong>Recruiting Interest<\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cInformation that is not attended to, that does not engage learners\u2019 cognition, is in fact inaccessible.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_3eef9c-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_3eef9c-73\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_63db77-28{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_63db77-28 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_63db77-28\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_c6b704-c3\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong><strong>Sustaining Effort &amp; Persistence<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cWhen motivated to do so, many learners can regulate their attention and affect in order to sustain the effort and concentration that such learning will require.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_6a8f86-b7\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_fb578e-29{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_fb578e-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_fb578e-29\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_4b8662-da .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_4b8662-da\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong>Self-Regulation<\/strong> <\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cThe ability to self-regulate \u2013 to strategically modulate one\u2019s emotional reactions or states in order to be more effective at coping and engaging with the environment \u2013 is a critical aspect of human development.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Providing a variety of options focuses on ways to improve learners\u2019 engagement throughout a learning experience by better tapping into their interests and motivations. For example, courses that include explicit learning outcomes and connect the learning outcomes to broader elements of learners\u2019 university experience and\/or their professional journeys make these goals salient and easy to remember, which helps students stay engaged throughout the course.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_dc06fe-9f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6dd2cc-3b\"><strong>Here is a brief video from the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Oakland University on \u201cUDL Principle of Engagement\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Universal Design for Learning (Part 3): Engagement Strategies\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cmBsE4LX8NM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;background:linear-gradient(130deg, var(--global-palette1) 0%, var(--global-palette2) 100%);}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c ,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h1,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h2,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h3,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h4,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h5,.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c h6{color:#ffffff;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-top-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{fill:#fafafa!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_356cbe-8c alignnone has-theme-palette5-background-color kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-gradient\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_2b5511-9a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_2b5511-9a inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1000px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:25px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_d5a5b2-61 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_ebd211-d6 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca\"]{text-align:center;font-size:20px;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:4px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca\"]{font-size:14px;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_28c87c-ca\">Next Principle<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_f69e9e-1f{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_f69e9e-1f .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_f69e9e-1f\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button{color:#ffffff;font-size:18px;border-top-left-radius:50px;border-top-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-left-radius:50px;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;padding-top:8px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:24px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:focus{color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);background:#ffffff;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_38479b-d7.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_38479b-d7 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-outline kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-true wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"#prinicple2\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">Principle 2<\/span><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_arrow-right kt-btn-icon-side-right\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-2 kt-inner-tabba931e-47\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_864970-d9\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_864970-d9\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_864970-d9\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_864970-d9 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_864970-d9\"><strong><strong>Principle 2: Provide Multiple Means of Representation<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In keeping with the values of Accessibility and acknowledging Jaggedness in learner needs, this principle acknowledges that learners process information differently depending on the format, style, and medium used, and that information is not truly accessible to learners unless they are able to effectively access and process it. CAST (2024) identifies the \u201crecognition networks\u201d of the brain (including the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes) as being related to the \u201cWHAT\u201d of learning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/3f0c3a3c-be9b-41e5-8d7a-bc032c4808de-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/3f0c3a3c-be9b-41e5-8d7a-bc032c4808de-1.png 480w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/3f0c3a3c-be9b-41e5-8d7a-bc032c4808de-1-300x211.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">CAST, Inc. (2024)&#8221;Representation.&#8221; Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cast.org\/impact\/universal-design-for-learning-udl&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In providing multiple means of representation, CAST (2024) has further broken down this principle into providing options for:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_10a6f8-12 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-3xl, 6.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_f3c00d-4e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_ad6525-2f\">Perception<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;It is important to ensure that key information is equally perceptible to all learners.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_53b007-03{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_53b007-03 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_53b007-03\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a7787d-3a\">Language &amp; Symbols<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;inequalities arise when information is presented to all learners through a single form of representation&#8230;ensure that alternative representations are provided not only for accessibility, but for clarity and comprehensibility across all learners.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_20f545-b0{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_20f545-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-right:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-bottom:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);border-left:3px double var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_20f545-b0\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_fbeca5-7e\">Comprehension<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;constructing useable knowledge, knowledge that is accessible for future decision-making, depends not upon merely perceiving information, but upon active &#8216;information processing skills.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Providing a variety of options focuses on presenting information in flexible and varied ways so as to limit the dependence on any single medium. For example, course materials written in advanced, academic English and available only as text can present challenges for students with limitations in linguistic, information processing, or the post-secondary readiness domains. But if the same materials are accompanied by audio\/video versions of the same information and with definitions and explanations of important terms, that vastly improves students\u2019 ability to access and engage with the material.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_a04ea0-e4\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_958907-6f\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_958907-6f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_958907-6f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_958907-6f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_958907-6f\"><strong>Here is a brief video from the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Oakland University on \u201cUDL Principle of Representation\u201d:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Universal Design for Learning (Part 4): Representation Strategies\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9TVKGvnGPoA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1290px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:0px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;background:linear-gradient(130deg, var(--global-palette1) 0%, var(--global-palette2) 100%);}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 ,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h1,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h2,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h3,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h4,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h5,.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 h6{color:#ffffff;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-top-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{fill:#fafafa!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_6bbc35-52 alignnone has-theme-palette5-background-color kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-gradient\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_b59c52-a3 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1000px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:25px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_09dc48-44 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_0de588-bd{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_0de588-bd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_0de588-bd inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc\"]{text-align:center;font-size:20px;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:4px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc\"]{font-size:14px;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_0c75ef-cc\">Next Principle<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_8f7cd4-f5{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_8f7cd4-f5 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_8f7cd4-f5\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button{color:#ffffff;font-size:18px;border-top-left-radius:50px;border-top-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-left-radius:50px;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;padding-top:8px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:24px;}.kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:hover .kb-svg-icon-wrap, .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:focus .kb-svg-icon-wrap{color:var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:focus{color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);background:#ffffff;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_5b61ae-58.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_5b61ae-58 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-outline kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-true wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"#principle3\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">Principle 3<\/span><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_arrow-right kt-btn-icon-side-right\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-3 kt-inner-tab53cc12-e6\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_f93742-a1\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_f93742-a1\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_f93742-a1\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_f93742-a1 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_f93742-a1\"><strong><strong>Principle 3: Provide Multiple Means of Action and Expression&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In keeping with the values of Jaggedness and Teaching to the Margins, this principle recognizes that learners vary in the ways they communicate information and demonstrate achievement of learning outcomes, and that these variations often exist due to existing limitations and not just preferences. CAST (2024) identifies the \u201crecognition networks\u201d of the brain (including the frontal lobe) as being related to the \u201cHOW\u201d of learning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"599\" height=\"420\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/36b39d08-d351-4a5e-ab4d-25bef5959ab7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/36b39d08-d351-4a5e-ab4d-25bef5959ab7.png 599w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/36b39d08-d351-4a5e-ab4d-25bef5959ab7-300x210.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">CAST, Inc. (2024) &#8220;Action &amp; Expression,&#8221; Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cast.org\/impact\/universal-design-for-learning-udl&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In providing multiple means of Action &amp; Expression, CAST (2024) has further broken down this principle into providing options for:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_0f9913-e1 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_c124a7-b0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_c124a7-b0\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xl, 4rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_b4ac4a-42\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong><strong>Physical Action<\/strong> <\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cit is important to provide materials with which all learners can interact. Properly designed curricular materials provide a seamless interface with common assistive technologies.\u201d&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_ba7a77-62 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_ba7a77-62\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_3ec2ac-97\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_95bc14-68 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_95bc14-68\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong>Expression &amp; Communication<\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cit is important to provide alternative modalities for expression, both to level the playing field among learners and to allow the learner to appropriately (or easily) express knowledge, ideas and concepts in the learning environment.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_8e2c6f-91\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_32b0f6-5d\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box110_5af416-c6 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box110_5af416-c6\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><strong><strong>Executive Functions<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">\u201cAssociated with networks that include the prefrontal cortex, these capabilities allow humans to overcome impulsive, short-term reactions to their environment and instead to set long-term goals, plan effective strategies for reaching those goals, monitor their progress, and modify strategies as needed.\u201d<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Providing a variety of options focuses on expanding the ways students can demonstrate their learning and their achievement of course outcomes. For example, weak writers are not necessarily weak communicators, and assessments that offer options to submit deliverables in alternative formats such as audio, video, or visual means (e.g. infographics) can provide students the opportunity to demonstrate their communication skills in authentic, creative ways.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_f30fb4-3e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_68ae16-bd\"><strong>Here is a brief video from the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Oakland University on \u201cUDL Principle of Representation\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Universal Design for Learning (Part 5): Action and Expression Strategies\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H66jHEiGNLQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_70efe1-f5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_70efe1-f5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_518d01-04\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_518d01-04\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_518d01-04\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h6 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_518d01-04 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_518d01-04\">Reflection Point<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which of the three principles of UDL (engagement, representation, and action &amp; expression) most resonates with you? What are some considerations within your context for striking a balance between the three in designing and developing your course and instructional materials?&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_147f39-83\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_147f39-83\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_147f39-83\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 id=\"Guidelines-and-Checkpoints-\" class=\"kt-adv-heading110_147f39-83 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_147f39-83\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Guidelines-and-Checkpoints-\">Guidelines and Checkpoints&nbsp;<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) serve as broad guidance for how to think about incorporating flexibility, scaffolds, and supports into the learning environment. As previously state, the UDL framework further breaks down each principle into three (3) additional guidelines, each with their own checkpoints. In total, there are nine (9) guidelines and thirty-one (31) checkpoints within the UDL framework.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:10px;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;background:#f2f2f2;color:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:10px;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id110_2c21ed-32 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane110_5035eb-8c\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Framing &amp; Contextualizing the Guidelines and Checkpoints&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Within the framework, these guidelines and checkpoints can be contextualized and framed in two (2) distinct ways; Vertically (top-down, as columns) and Horizontally (left-right, as rows).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Viewed vertically, the guidelines and checkpoints provide a mechanism for designing, classifying, and assessing UDL-aligned solutions within the UDL principles. For instance, the solution of providing explicit learning outcomes whose relevance to learners\u2019 academic and professional outcomes is regularly highlighted (our example for multiple means of engagement) aims to <strong>Recruit Interest<\/strong> by <strong>optimizing relevance, value, and authenticity<\/strong> (Guideline 7, Checkpoint 7.2), <strong>Sustain Effort &amp; Persistence<\/strong> by <strong>heightening the salience of goals and objectives<\/strong> (Guideline 8, Checkpoint 8.1) and provides opportunities to support <strong>Self-Regulation<\/strong> by prompting students to <strong>self-assess and reflect<\/strong> on their progress within a course (Guideline 9, Checkpoint 9.3).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Viewed horizontally, the guidelines and checkpoints offer suggestions based on three (3) learner-centered goals of making the content, expectations, and outcomes in a learning experience more accessible (<strong>Access<\/strong>), developing students\u2019 skills by building in scaffolds and supports (<strong>Build<\/strong>), and empowering students by developing their capacities for self-regulation, comprehension, and executive function (<strong>Internalize<\/strong>). Depending on the intended goal, UDL-aligned solutions can be designed based on the guidelines and checkpoints within any goal. For instance, having students work in small groups throughout a course and provide structured, formative peer feedback to each other can be a way to foster collaboration (checkpoint 8.3) and promote understanding across cultures and languages (checkpoint 2.4).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/c8758d9f-4113-4662-ab9d-61a755c9228f.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/c8758d9f-4113-4662-ab9d-61a755c9228f.png 901w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/c8758d9f-4113-4662-ab9d-61a755c9228f-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/c8758d9f-4113-4662-ab9d-61a755c9228f-768x506.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">CAST \u2013 UDL Guidelines Graphic Organizer v2.2&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2025\/06\/CAST-UDL-Graphic-Organizer.pdf\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-right:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-bottom:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-left:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-title-list li{margin-top:0px;margin-right:8px;margin-bottom:-1px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-title-list li:last-child{margin-right:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-title-list li .kt-tab-title, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title{line-height:1.4em;font-weight:regular;font-style:normal;border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;padding-top:8px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:20px;border-color:var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);color:var(--global-palette5, #444444);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title{margin-top:0px;margin-right:8px;margin-bottom:-1px;margin-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-title-list li .kt-tab-title:hover, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title .kt-tab-title:hover{border-color:var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);color:var(--global-palette5, #444444);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}.wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-title-list li.kt-tab-title-active .kt-tab-title, .wp-block-kadence-tabs .kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .kt-tabs-accordion-title.kt-tab-title-active .kt-tab-title{border-color:#bcbcbc;color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);background:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-right:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-bottom:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-left:1px solid #bcbcbc;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 > .kt-tabs-content-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-tab{border-top:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-right:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-bottom:1px solid #bcbcbc;border-left:1px solid #bcbcbc;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tabs alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-tabs-wrap kt-tabs-id110_4d229b-e3 kt-tabs-has-3-tabs kt-active-tab-1 kt-tabs-layout-tabs kt-tabs-tablet-layout-inherit kt-tabs-mobile-layout-inherit kt-tab-alignment-left \"><ul class=\"kt-tabs-title-list\"><li id=\"tab-multiplemeansofengagement\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-1 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-active\"><a href=\"#tab-multiplemeansofengagement\" data-tab=\"1\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-1 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Multiple Means of Engagement\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"tab-multiplemeansofrepresentation\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-2 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-inactive\"><a href=\"#tab-multiplemeansofrepresentation\" data-tab=\"2\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-2 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Multiple Means of Representation\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"tab-multiplemeansofactionampexpression\" class=\"kt-title-item kt-title-item-3 kt-tabs-svg-show-always kt-tabs-icon-side-right kt-tab-title-inactive\"><a href=\"#tab-multiplemeansofactionampexpression\" data-tab=\"3\" class=\"kt-tab-title kt-tab-title-3 \"><span class=\"kt-title-text\">Multiple Means of Action &amp; Expression\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"kt-tabs-content-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-1 kt-inner-tabee9ee2-c7\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We previously discussed how UDL and Accessibility adopt diverging yet complementary approaches to supporting student success. One of the distinct areas of focus within UDL is on student engagement, on looking at ways to develop and sustain motivation and resilience so that students can gain maximum value from their learning experiences. The guidelines in this principle reflect that student engagement is a matter of developing an initial interest, persevering through challenges and distractions that arise during a learning experience, developing capacity to self-regulate over time, and provide guidance on ways to inculcate these through the learning experience.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-1\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"1\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Multiple Means of Engagement\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As an alternative way to engage in this content, here is an infographic providing an overview of the 3 Guidelines within Multiple Means of Representation:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"762\" height=\"986\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/10e4a56a-9433-4920-8079-644c39439e4d.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-227\" style=\"width:577px;height:746px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/10e4a56a-9433-4920-8079-644c39439e4d.png 762w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/10e4a56a-9433-4920-8079-644c39439e4d-232x300.png 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 762px) 100vw, 762px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2025\/06\/Multiple-Means-of-Engagment.pdf\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-2 kt-inner-tab308786-c2\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For information to be accessible, it has to be understandable. The focus of the guidelines here is to limit the dependence on any single medium, style, and method of conveying information in order to make the content of a learning experience as accessible and understandable to as wide a range of learners as possible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-2\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"2\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Multiple Means of Representation\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As an alternative way to engage in this content, here is an infographic providing an overview of the 3 Guidelines within Multiple Means of Representation:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"791\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation-791x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-120\" style=\"width:570px;height:738px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation-791x1024.png 791w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation-768x994.png 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation.png 816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 791px) 100vw, 791px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2025\/06\/Multiple-Means-of-Representation.pdf\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-tab kt-tab-inner-content kt-inner-tab-3 kt-inner-tab5cb34e-5e\"><div class=\"kt-tab-inner-content-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An important component of an inclusive learning experience is whether it affords opportunities for students to demonstrate authentic learning and achievement outside of traditional formats. This is because the same factors that limit learners\u2019 abilities in accessing course information also impact their capacity to demonstrate learning. The focus of the guidelines here is to limit the dependence on any one format or mechanism of gauging learning, and to vary the ways in which students can demonstrate authentic learning and achievement of course outcomes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-3\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"3\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Multiple Means of Action &amp; Expression\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As an alternative way to engage in this content, here is an infographic providing an overview of the 3 Guidelines within Multiple Means of Action &amp; Expression:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"791\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression-1-791x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-121\" style=\"width:570px;height:738px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression-1-791x1024.png 791w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression-1-232x300.png 232w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression-1-768x994.png 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression-1.png 816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 791px) 100vw, 791px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2025\/06\/Multiple-Means-of-Action-Expression.pdf\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane110_f2946d-73\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Growth Mindset &amp; Developing Expert Learners&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An essential component of user-centered design is developing clear, well-defined objectives at the beginning of the design process. Within the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework, this objective is the development of \u201cExpert Learners\u201d who, regardless of their prior and existing limitations, have the combination of training, skills, and supports in the environment to be able to navigate complex challenges and succeed in their learning and professional goals. However, it is important to note that it is not a quantity of knowledge or skills that distinguishes \u201cexpert learners\u201d from their peers, \u201cbut rather their ability to implement appropriate regulatory strategies when they become aware that certain facts or skills are missing from their learning repertoires that are necessary for reaching desired academic goals\u201d (Ertmer &amp; Newby, 1996, p. 1).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Part of developing an expert learner involves facilitating a \u201cgrowth mindset\u201d \u2013 that the learner believes that they can develop and improve their abilities through resilience and hard work. Consider this excerpt from \u201cUniversity 101: Study, Strategize and Succeed\u201d (2018) by KPU Learning Centres:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Everyone encounters setbacks at times. When this happens, you have a choice of possible responses. Some people respond to setbacks by concluding that they may lack the ability to complete the course successfully. Others respond by concluding that the course or instructor is unfair, and blame their setback on an external force beyond their control. These responses are associated with what is called a fixed mindset.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Others respond to setbacks and negative feedback by asking what they can learn from the experience. Their focus is less on achieving a specific grade or result, and more on learning as much as possible from their experiences in university.&nbsp; Individuals with this mindset, which is called a growth mindset are more able to recover from setbacks and to go on to achieve greater success (Chapter 31).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UDL is really about designing learning experiences and environments that can be engaged in by all, but in terms of \u201cgrowth mindset,\u201d it is the addition of designing learning opportunities where students feel supported when they make mistakes, or when something is challenging. It is the resilience in facing challenges where a growth mindset is associated with successful learning.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"741\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/9ccc5b68-7599-440a-bfa5-da39214383dd.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/9ccc5b68-7599-440a-bfa5-da39214383dd.jpeg 741w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/9ccc5b68-7599-440a-bfa5-da39214383dd-300x169.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 741px) 100vw, 741px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">Ho, L. (2023, August 18). &#8220;Fixed Mindset vs Growth Mindset.&#8221; https:\/\/www.lifehack.org\/861741\/growth-mindset-vs-fixed-mindset&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Looking to learn more? Check out the following additional resources:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_cd1e75-3b alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(51, 63, 72, 0.15);}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_9dda33-83{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_9dda33-83 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_9dda33-83\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_1c1c1e-2c\">CAST\u2019s <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/nysrti.org\/files\/webinars\/strand_23\/shifting_mindset.pdf?mc_cid=d7f5fbfda3&amp;mc_eid=%5bc4c1749eb7%5d\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cThe Language of <\/a>UDL<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/nysrti.org\/files\/webinars\/strand_23\/shifting_mindset.pdf?mc_cid=d7f5fbfda3&amp;mc_eid=%5bc4c1749eb7%5d\" target=\"_blank\">: Shifting Mindsets\u201d<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_5ef850-3f{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_5ef850-3f .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_5ef850-3f\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_bbe96b-91.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_bbe96b-91.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_bbe96b-91 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/nysrti.org\/files\/webinars\/strand_23\/shifting_mindset.pdf?mc_cid=d7f5fbfda3&#038;mc_eid=%5bc4c1749eb7%5d\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">Download (PDF)<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/nysrti.org\/files\/webinars\/strand_23\/dec3_2018_webinar_audio.mp3?mc_cid=d7f5fbfda3&amp;mc_eid=[c4c1749eb7]\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:80px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_56c9aa-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_56c9aa-76\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(51, 63, 72, 0.15);}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_8abc61-61{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_8abc61-61 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette4, #2D3748);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_8abc61-61\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_682b61-43\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_682b61-43\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_682b61-43\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_682b61-43 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_682b61-43\">Carol Dweck (TEDx)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-ted wp-block-embed-ted wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Carol Dweck: The power of believing that you can improve\" src=\"https:\/\/embed.ted.com\/talks\/carol_dweck_the_power_of_believing_that_you_can_improve\" width=\"720\" height=\"406\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" webkitAllowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen allowFullScreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How can we help facilitate a growth mindset in our students and help them develop into expert learners? Consider the following definition of an expert learner: \u201can expert learner may not be the best student, or have the most innate talent, but that doesn\u2019t matter. An expert learner is motivated, gritty, perseveres through problems, learns from mistakes, and keeps on trying new strategies until goals are achieved\u201d (Novak, 2017). We can see immediate connections with UDL and growth mindset in that the goal is for successful student learning, but is focused on supporting the student to develop intrinsic motivation and resilience when facing challenges.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(51, 63, 72, 0.26);}.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_31181f-86{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_31181f-86 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_31181f-86\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_62f5d6-c8\">Instructor Strategies for Supporting Students in Developing a Growth Mindset (adapted from Sun, 2015):&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_c8be75-8c alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_d0cae1-1c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Don&#8217;t sort students by ability (i.e., high performers together); it signals different expectations for different students and can reinforce a fixed mindset&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_db1fc2-5e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxl, 5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_d7c7d0-73\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Provide descriptive feedback that focuses students on improvement opportunities&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_0ecf4f-d0\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxl, 5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_1cad97-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_1cad97-1c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Structure assignments so that revisions are allowed or drafts are given feedback and not grade&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_7e49d6-bc alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_12ba3a-82 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_12ba3a-82\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-lg, 3rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_652245-f7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_652245-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_652245-f7\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Normalize struggle as a part of the learning process&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_8a02c5-2d\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_9e6e96-f7\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Emphasize the importance of achievable goals that demonstrate growth and progress&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Struggling students are less likely to self-regulate and \u201cmonitor their own learning and&#8230;often do not have a very good idea about whether they have comprehended and mastered the information presented\u201d (Ertmer &amp; Newby, 1996, p. 5). Though a core tenet of education, students often need to be explicitly taught that learning is an ongoing process and that challenges and failures are some of the best opportunities to learn and grow; to learn how to motivate themselves and push through adversity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"218\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/91794c79-32d8-47dc-b2fa-b80001c46a4e.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/91794c79-32d8-47dc-b2fa-b80001c46a4e.png 548w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/91794c79-32d8-47dc-b2fa-b80001c46a4e-300x119.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-4-color\">CAST (2017). UDL Tips for Fostering Expert Learners. Wakefield, MA: Author. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cast.org\/products-services\/resources\/2017\/udl-tips-fostering-expert-learners&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As UDL is intended to be an instructional design framework, the objective of developing expert learners is intended to be discipline-agnostic and applicable across all contexts. The core qualities, per the UDL framework\u2019s definitions, is that Expert Learners are \u201cPurposeful and Motivated,\u201d Resourceful and Knowledgeable,\u201d and \u201cStrategic and Goal-Directed.\u201d Moreover, Ertmer &amp; Newby (1996) argue that \u201ca major function of all schooling must be to help create learners who know how to learn. By fostering the development of strategic, self-regulated, and reflective learners, it is hypothesized that this goal can be achieved\u201d (p. 22).&nbsp; The development of these three areas is highly aligned with UDL\u2019s providing for multiple means of engagement, representation, and action &amp; expression.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-right:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-bottom:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-left:3px dashed var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_6eac6d-e5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a037d4-d9\">Here is a video by Dr. Seanna Takacs entitled \u201cUDL Basics for Course Design\u201d which will further explore Expert Learners: <\/h5>\n\n\n<p><iframe id=\"kaltura_player\" src='https:\/\/api.ca.kaltura.com\/p\/141\/embedPlaykitJs\/uiconf_id\/23451159?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=0_iklqhfo3&amp;config[provider]={\"widgetId\":\"0_5cwmebyz\"}' style=\"width: 100%;height: 100%;border: 0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/community.moodle.kpu.ca\/mod\/lesson\/view.php?id=43667\">https:\/\/community.moodle.kpu.ca\/mod\/lesson\/view.php?id=43667<\/a> (Learning Design FTE, Part 02, Section 2.2)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each of these qualities is tied to one of the UDL principles, and the principles can be framed as mechanisms that aid in the development of these qualities in learners. For instance, the goal of providing Multiple Means of Representation can be interpreted as the development of learners who demonstrate motivation, engage purposefully with learning experiences, and possess the awareness and goal-setting skills needed to do so.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another way to frame and approach the objective of developing expert learners is to dissect the 6 qualities into a broad inventory of knowledge, skills, and abilities that someone possessing that quality would be able to demonstrate (see table below). For educators, this can potentially be useful as a tool for thinking about how a UDL-aligned solution being considered might impact or interplay with existing learning outcomes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"745\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM-1024x745.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM-1024x745.png 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM-768x559.png 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM-1536x1118.png 1536w, https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/files\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-10-at-12.03.19\u202fPM.png 1786w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>View a pdf resource of the \u201cTop 5 Tips for Fostering Expert Learners: (CAST, 2017)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_114739-25{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_114739-25 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_114739-25\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_8df8b3-cf.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_8df8b3-cf.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_8df8b3-cf kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cast.org\/binaries\/content\/assets\/common\/publications\/downloads\/cast-5-expert-learners-2017.pdf\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">UDL Tips for Fostering Expert Learners<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 id=\"Additional-Ways-of-Learning-about-UDL-\" class=\"kt-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_754f5b-b9\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Additional-Ways-of-Learning-about-UDL-\">Additional Ways of Learning about UDL&nbsp;<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At various points in this resource guide, we\u2019ve touched on the importance of considering how the accessibility of information is inter-connected with whether that information can be understood and comprehended by its recipient. As Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is a broad, comprehensive framework, it can present challenges for practitioners seeking to develop UDL-aligned options and solutions for their contexts. While the next section of the resource guide provides more detailed and specific guidance for faculty, here we outline some additional ways of developing an understanding and comprehension of UDL. Specifically, through its connections to other disciplines, through the lens of Universal Design, and through social-contextual means.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:10px;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:14px;padding-right:16px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:16px;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:10px;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#BE530B;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#BE530B;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#BE530B;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#BE530B;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id110_ee47e1-46 kt-accordion-has-3-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane110_592c94-c1\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Connections to Other Disciplines<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At various points in this resource guide, we\u2019ve referenced how UDL was first developed to translate insights from neuroscience to educational practice. As the framework has evolved, it has drawn from insights from additional disciplines like behavioral science, human-centered design, social learning theory, and metacognition, in keeping with its definition as \u201ca framework to improve and optimize teaching and learning for all people based on scientific insights into how humans learn\u201d (CAST, 2024).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While we do not go into details into these connections here, we encourage you to consider your knowledge and expertise, as well as any experience you have with these disciplines, as useful background knowledge that can aid your personal comprehension and navigation of the UDL framework, as well as a mechanism for applying <strong>Checkpoint 4.1 <\/strong>(Activating prior knowledge) of the guidelines to your learning process.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane110_5aa549-0f\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Open Pedagogy and Open Educational Resources (OERs)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and Open Pedagogy share a common commitment to inclusive and equitable education. Open Pedagogy, and supported by Open Educational Resources (OERs), promotes the co-creation, adaptation, and sharing of educational materials. This aligns with UDL by providing a diverse landscape that caters to varied learning needs. At KPU, our OER publishing platform, Pressbooks, allows students to access their books in a variety of formats. The adaptability of OERs supports UDL\u2019s Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and Open Pedagogy share a common commitment to inclusive and equitable education. Open Pedagogy, and supported by Open Educational Resources (OERs), promotes the co-creation, adaptation, and sharing of educational materials. This aligns with UDL by providing a diverse landscape that caters to varied learning needs. At KPU, our OER publishing platform, Pressbooks, allows students to access their books in a variety of formats. The adaptability of OERs supports UDL\u2019s objective of removing learning barriers, allowing educators to tailor resources to individual learning styles. This open framework not only facilitates customization of educational materials but also encourages students to engage as creators, embodying UDL\u2019s principles of multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">For more information on Open Pedagogy, Open Education, and OERs, please visit the <strong>Engaging in Open Education Practices<\/strong> WordPress site <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_b521bf-b1{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0{margin-right:5px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button{color:#555555;border-color:#555555;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{color:#ffffff;border-color:#444444;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button::before{display:none;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kt-btns110_b521bf-b1 .kt-btn-wrap-0 .kt-button:focus{background:#444444;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_b521bf-b1\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_da390e-93.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_da390e-93.kb-button{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_da390e-93 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-fill kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-false wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/open\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">Engaging in Open Education Practices<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-3 kt-pane110_218ea7-90\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Extension of Universal Design (UD)&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another way to approach the UDL framework is to consider it as an extension of the principles and intentions of the Universal Design movement for the unique challenges of the learning environment. The Principles of Universal Design were formalized in 1997 as a way to guide design approaches for products, environments, and communications, and are focused on designing for inclusivity and social equity. The thematic alignment between UDL and Universal Design can offer another pathway to connecting your prior knowledge and experience as you navigate this resource and the UDL framework.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_a0e3b5-cd\"><strong><em><strong><em>Universal Design &amp; Assessments<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The National Center on Educational Outcomes (NCEO) developed a Universal Design of Assessments (UDA) framework as a means of applying the Universal Design (UD) framework to large-scale assessments and assessment features (Johnstone, 2003). The framework is based on 7 core principles that provide guidance and considerations for the design and elements of inclusive and accessible assessments (this framework is more geared towards K-12 education, but can certainly be applied within higher education). These principles are:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-theme-palette-8-background-color has-background\">\n<li>Inclusive assessment population<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Precisely defined contructs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accessible and non-biased items<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Amenable to accommodations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simple, clear, and intuitive instructions and procedures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maximum readability and comprehensibility<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maximum legibility<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More recently, there has been further research into UDA and its intersection with accessibility and neurodiversity. Laitusis &amp; Karvonen (2024) have developed the Universal Design of Assessment Systems (UDAS) based on the original UD principles. The authors have also incorporated \u201ccontemporary perspectives on neurodiversity and culturally and linguistically relevant practices, psychological theory of motivation and engagement, and technical requirements for assessment use cases\u201d (Laitusis &amp; Karvonen, 2024). These additional perspectives and considerations further align UDAS with UDL by making it more inclusive and student-centred. As such, UDAS is comprised of three core principles (Laitusis &amp; Karvonen, 2024):&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list has-theme-palette-8-background-color has-background\">\n<li>Assessment systems must meet basic human needs, honor test takers as learners, and fulfill the ultimate goals of education<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Design assessments for flexibility and learner variability&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote equity and take action to mitigate unintended consequences&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further information and details on UDL and assessment can be found in the Applications part of this guide.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_8781f2-84\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_8781f2-84\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_8781f2-84\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_8781f2-84 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_8781f2-84\"><strong><em>Social &amp; Contextual Means&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Just as the UDL guidelines encourage us to consider knowledge construction and skills development as iterative, social, and contextual processes (<strong>Guideline 3 \u2013 Comprehension<\/strong>) within the experiences we design, the same guidance can be applied to how you design your learning journey. In addition to the resources and guidance for applications in the coming section, consider ways of interacting with others on the same learning journey, be it informally or through workshops and other development opportunities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_e63746-d9\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_e63746-d9\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_e63746-d9\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h5 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_e63746-d9 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_e63746-d9\"><strong><em>Generative AI&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generative AI (GenAI) can be used to support and enhance Universal Design for Learning (UDL) practices in higher education, supporting both students and instructors, by aligning with its core principles of engagement, representation, action &amp; expression. For engagement, GenAI can help you create dynamic and personalized content, fostering a learning environment that resonates with each student\u2019s unique profile. In terms of representation, GenAI can assist you in developing a wide array of learning materials in various formats and complexity levels, ensuring that you cater to the diverse learning abilities in your classroom. When it comes to action &amp; expression, GenAI can adapt learning strategies to individual student needs and provide alternative forms of assessment and interaction, promoting inclusivity in your teaching methods. Moreover, you can use GenAI to help streamline your lesson planning process and brainstorming content suggestions, multimodal teaching resources, and scaffolded activities to meet diverse educational objectives. As an instructor, you can use GenAI to help create a more accessible, flexible, and responsive learning environment \u2013 one of the core goals of UDL.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:49px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_2e471a-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-right:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-bottom:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);border-left:5px double var(--global-palette5, #4A5568);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_2e471a-f6\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h6 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_3590fd-8b\">Reflection Point<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Which of the fields of UDL resonate with you? Which guidelines feel relevant to your context and how can you begin (or continue to build upon) to implement UDL practices?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Write a description of the average learner in your course(s). What would an expert learner do differently? How would they behave differently? Which guidelines can you leverage immediately for greater impact?&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:50px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:80px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;background:linear-gradient(130deg, var(--global-palette1) 0%, var(--global-palette2) 100%);}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 ,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h1,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h2,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h3,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h4,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h5,.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 h6{color:#ffffff;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{fill:#ffffff!important;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-top-sep{height:100px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{width:100%;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-top-sep svg{fill:#fafafa!important;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep{height:px;}.kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 .kt-row-layout-bottom-sep svg{width:%;}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_fb27b2-07 alignfull has-theme-palette1-background-color kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-gradient\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_9b73e0-04 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:1000px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-top:25px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:25px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id110_cedad3-7f alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column110_3ac62c-29 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_199c89-89\"]{text-align:center;font-size:20px;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:4px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_199c89-89\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_199c89-89\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_199c89-89\"]{font-size:14px;}}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_199c89-89 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_199c89-89\">Ready for next<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4\"]{text-align:center;font-size:38px;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4\"]{font-size:34px;}}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading110_6b2cee-d4\">UDL &amp; Decolonization and Indigenization<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn.kb-btns110_873e26-01{gap:var(--global-kb-gap-xs, 0.5rem );justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kt-btns110_873e26-01 .kt-button{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn kb-buttons-wrap kb-btns110_873e26-01\"><style>ul.menu .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button{width:initial;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button{color:#ffffff;font-size:18px;border-top-left-radius:50px;border-top-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-right-radius:50px;border-bottom-left-radius:50px;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;padding-top:8px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:24px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:focus{color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);background:#ffffff;border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:hover, .wp-block-kadence-advancedbtn .kb-btn110_31ed6a-73.kb-button:focus{border-top-color:#ffffff;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#ffffff;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#ffffff;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#ffffff;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style><a class=\"kb-button kt-button button kb-btn110_31ed6a-73 kt-btn-size-standard kt-btn-width-type-auto kb-btn-global-outline kt-btn-has-text-true kt-btn-has-svg-true wp-block-kadence-singlebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/udl-decolonization-and-indigenization\/\"><span class=\"kt-btn-inner-text\">Go to UDL &amp; Decolonization and Indigenization<\/span><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fas_arrow-right kt-btn-icon-side-right\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"  fill=\"currentColor\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Theory &amp; Principles Theory &amp; Principles&nbsp; This section provides an in-depth look at the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework, developed by CAST. The three principles of UDL, along with their guidelines and checkpoints, are explored providing a comprehensive understanding of the theory and principles behind the framework &#8211; and as aligned with the concept&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":902,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","iawp_total_views":97,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-110","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/902"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110"}],"version-history":[{"count":77,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1291,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/110\/revisions\/1291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.kpu.ca\/udlresource\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}